Benefits of Replacing Gas Burning Cars with Electric Vehicles: Impact on Carbon Footprint
As part of the growing conversation around sustainability and environmental impact, the transition from gas burning cars to electric vehicles (EVs) is being increasingly discussed. This article explores the benefits of this shift, particularly in terms of carbon footprint reduction. We will compare the traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) cars with modern electric vehicles, and consider the carbon footprint implications of both.
Why the Shift to Electric Vehicles?
The primary reason for promoting electric vehicles is their reduced environmental impact. Unlike gas burning cars, electric vehicles produce no direct emissions. Their benefits lie not only in the reduction of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions but also in their potential to be powered by renewable energy sources. Here, we examine some key findings from a 2016 GREET study and discuss the ongoing improvements in the electric grid that support the use of EVs.
Comparing Carbon Footprints: ICE vs. EVs
The GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) study by Argonne National Laboratory provides valuable insights. According to the 2016 report, an average ICE car has a carbon footprint of 457 grams CO2-equivalent per mile. Assuming an average car lasts around 178,102 miles, the total carbon footprint for an ICE car would be approximately 81,393 kg CO2-equivalent.
By contrast, a battery electric vehicle (BEV) model, using the 2016 estimate (and considering it to be state-of-the-art compared to today's standards), has a carbon footprint of 336 grams CO2-equivalent per mile, including the full cradle-to-grave lifecycle. Assuming the same 178,102 miles, the total carbon footprint for a BEV would be about 59,842 kg CO2-equivalent. The difference per car, therefore, is 23,551 kg CO2-equivalent, or 23.55 metric tonnes for 100 cars.
Electric Power Plants: A Concern?
One common concern is whether electric power plants have a carbon footprint. Indeed, they do, and this is a valid point of concern. However, the ongoing improvements in the electric grid are improving the situation significantly. In 2011, when the GREET study was conducted, the US grid was powered by roughly 44% coal. Today, this figure has dropped to 27.5%, and it continues to decline. The UK, in particular, has shown remarkable progress, going for weeks without using coal power.
Real-World Benefits:
While the data from 2016 provides a strong foundation, it is imperative to consider the current and future state of the electric grid. As renewable energy sources like solar panels become more prevalent, the carbon footprint of electric power plants continues to decrease. Moreover, many EV charging networks and individual EV owners are adopting green power, further reducing the overall impact. Home charging for EVs, powered by installed solar panels, can significantly mitigate the environmental footprint of electric vehicles.
Conclusion
Replacing 100 gas burning cars with electric vehicles yields substantial benefits in terms of carbon footprint reduction. The advantages of EVs are evident and the ongoing improvements in the electric grid further reinforce these benefits. As technology continues to evolve and renewable energy becomes more accessible, the case for electric vehicles becomes even stronger.