Is Customization of a Motorbike Legal in India? Key Regulations and Guidelines
The custom motorcycle scene in India is evolving, with many enthusiasts eager to personalize their rides. However, the legality of these modifications can be a complex topic. This article outlines the legal parameters set by the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 and recent amendments, focusing on what kinds of modifications are permissible and required compliance steps.
"Understanding Motorbike Customization in India
In India, customizations of motorbikes have historically been a mix of minor changes and significant alterations. Engine modifications such as changing the tail tidy, decals, and visual accents are now officially permitted as long as these changes do not fundamentally alter the vehicle's specifications. For instance, tire modifications are within the bounds of legality unless they significantly change the motorbike's performance.
Rules and Regulations - Major Considerations
According to the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988, any modification to a motor vehicle must be certified by the Regional Transport Office (RTO).
State by State Variations
The regulatory stance on motorbike customization varies from state to state. For example, the recent Superintendent General of Police (Kerala) has instructed all officers to ensure that all customized bikes have the RTO certification. This directive is a clear indication that non-certified modifications, such as changing color, adding accessories, or making external body modifications, are considered illegal.
RTO Certification Process
To legally customize a motorbike, the owner must follow a series of steps:
Modify the bike according to personal preference.
Have the modifications inspected by an RTO officer.
If the officer deems the modifications acceptable within the rules and specifications, the vehicle is certified.
The modified vehicle can then be classified as legal and registered appropriately.
Strict Prohibition on Certain Modifications
Any modification that affects the structural integrity or overall characteristics of the motorbike, such as changing the cubic capacity, altering the overall color, size, or even more tires, weight, or structure, is strictly prohibited. Changing the original headlights with a different design or removing safety features like the saree guard is also illegal.
Amendments and New Requirements
Recent amendments to the Motor Vehicles Act have introduced a new section (522) that further delineates the permissible modifications. Section 522 stipulates that while some customization is now allowed, certain changes require compliance with specific regulations.
There are specific sections in the Act that mandate approval from the ARAI (Automotive Research Association of India) for modifications that significantly affect the vehicle’s performance. This can include changes to the engine, transmission, or any other component that might alter the vehicle's structural integrity.
Examples of Permissible and Non-Permissible Modifications
Permissible modifications include:
Adding or changing visual accents like decals and styling elements on the tail tidy and visors.
Installations of auxiliary lights and remote locking systems.
Non-permissible modifications include:
Changing the motorcycle’s structure, such as altering the frame or increasing the engine’s cubic capacity.
Painting the vehicle a completely different color without the endorsement from the RTO.
Compliance with ARAI and RTO
For modifications that significantly affect the motorcycle’s structure, such as adding performance sprockets or changing the handlebars, it is mandatory to obtain approval from the ARAI. These modifications must then be endorsed on the registration certificate (RC) by the local RTO.
Failure to comply with these requirements may result in legal action, including the issuance of challans (tickets) and potential seizures of the motorbike.
Conclusion
While the customization of motorbikes in India is more open than in the past, it still comes with regulatory hurdles. Legal modifications involve careful adherence to the Motor Vehicles Act and obtaining RTO certification. Enthusiasts should stay informed about recent amendments and consult with their local RTO to ensure all modifications are compliant with the law.
Resources for Further Reading
ARAI Website
Motor Vehicles Act 1988 Official Site