The Evolution of Automotive Repair: How Electric Vehicles Will Transform Transmission Specialists

As the automotive industry accelerates toward electric vehicles (EVs), traditional automotive repair shops, particularly those specializing in transmission repair, are facing considerable challenges. While EVs have numerous advantages, such as improved fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, and enhanced driving comfort, they also require significant adaptation by the repair industry. This article explores the long-term implications of this shift, focusing on the impact on transmission specialists and the broader automotive repair sector.

Understanding the Shift: Transmission in EVs

One of the most significant changes in the transition from internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to EVs is the elimination of traditional transmissions. In contemporary EVs, particularly in most models, there is no conventional transmission; instead, an electric motor drives a single gear reduction unit. This unit consists of a compact arrangement of gears that uses the power from the motor to drive the wheels. Typically, an EV contains only four gears in total, which are structured as follows:

A pinion gear driven by the electric motor A large gear attached to the shaft, connected to a smaller gear The small gear is in turn connected to a larger gear on the differential

This setup is significantly simpler than a traditional ICE-based transmission, which includes clutch packs, bands, torque converters, and valve bodies. In essence, EVs are designed to have minimal wear and tear, with the only potential maintenance being the replacement of the ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) at intervals of around 100,000 miles, should it be necessary due to contamination or age.

AWD EVs: A Closer Look

Four-wheel drive EVs (AWD) represent an additional complexity. These vehicles use a similar gear reduction unit in front and rear, each independently driving their respective wheels. Notably, AWD EVs lack a transfer case or drivelines connecting front and rear, further simplifying their drivetrain. This configuration not only minimizes the number of mechanical components that can fail but also ensures smooth and efficient driving.

Long-Term Implications for Transmission Specialists

The simplicity of EV drivetrains implies that transmission specialists may see a significant reduction in the number of repair jobs. Historically, transmission repair shops have participated in routine vehicle maintenance, including shifting gears and replacing components. With the advent of EVs, many of these tasks become obsolete. Therefore, transmission specialists must adapt to changing market needs and develop new skills, such as servicing battery systems and electronic controls.

Addressing Resistance to EV Adoption

Despite the growing number of EVs on the road, the shift to fully electric vehicles remains a slow and gradual process. As of now, only 1-2% of registered vehicles are electric, and this trend is expected to reach a significant milestone in the next three decades. Moreover, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) andPlug-in hybrids (PHEVs) will likely continue to play a substantial role, at least in the interim.

Several countries and states are contemplating or implementing policies to ban new ICE sales by 2035. However, these plans include exemptions for certain segments, such as Japan, which is currently focusing on heavy electric vehicles (HEVs) and hydrogen fuel cell technology as long-term options. Additionally, the majority of vehicle purchases will still be of used ICE vehicles, ensuring ongoing demand for traditional automotive repair services.

Occupational Training and Future Trends

As the industry evolves, there will be a need for transmission specialists to transition their skills and training. Many are already providing training in EV technologies, including battery management systems and electrical diagnostics. Future trends in the automotive repair sector will involve a mix of traditional and modern skills, ensuring that the workforce remains adaptable and equipped to handle the evolving demands of the industry.

Conclusion: While the shift toward electric vehicles presents challenges for transmission specialists, it also offers opportunities for growth and innovation. By adopting new skills and adapting to changing market demands, the automotive repair industry can thrive in the evolving landscape of modern transportation.