Why Some Cars Still Use Conventional Engine Oil
When it comes to automotive maintenance, one of the most fundamental questions that often arises is whether a conventional engine oil is sufficient or if one should opt for synthetic oil. This essay explores the reasons why many drivers continue to use conventional oil in their vehicles, despite the availability of more advanced synthetic alternatives. We'll delve into the technical specifics, the cost-benefit analysis, and the role of engine tolerances in this decision-making process.
What is Conventional Engine Oil?
Conventional engine oil is derived from crude oil refining processes. Historically, it has been the standard for engine lubrication. In contrast, synthetic oil is created through chemical processes, starting from natural gas or other synthetic petrochemicals. The key distinction lies in the purity and consistency of synthetic oil, which is synthesized to achieve specific performance characteristics.
Engine Tolerances and Lubrication Requirements
Engine tolerances have evolved significantly over the years. In older engine designs, with less stringent dimensions, conventional oils are often sufficient. These engines are better at accommodating contaminants and provide adequate lubrication without requiring the extra thinness and pureness of synthetic oils.
However, newer engines have tighter tolerances. These fine tolerances necessitate very thin, highly refined oils. For instance, oils with lubricity ratings like 10W-30, 5W-30, or even 0W-10 are commonly recommended. The lubricity ratings indicate the oil's viscosity and its ability to lubricate at very low temperatures effectively. Here, 0W-10 oil essentially has the same lubricating properties as water but at much colder temperatures.
The Cost-Benefit Analysis
A significant factor in the continuing use of conventional oil is the cost-benefit analysis. For the majority of traditional engine designs, the performance gains from synthetic oil are not substantial enough to justify the higher cost. Conventional oils, although they may not be as advanced, still effectively lubricate the engine while keeping costs manageable for the consumer.
Moreover, the lifespan of conventional oil is often sufficient for the operation of older engines. In many cases, these oils can address wear and tear effectively without prematurely degrading. This cost-saving aspect makes conventional oil a preferred choice for many drivers.
Does Conventional Oil “Wear Out”?
The term "wearing out" is somewhat misleading in the context of engine oil. While synthetic oils do offer longer-lasting properties and better wear resistance, conventional oils are still effective as long as they are properly maintained. Regular oil changes and adherence to the manufacturer's recommended service intervals are crucial.
Conventional oils do not inherently degrade more quickly than synthetic oils when used in the right conditions. They may require more frequent changes, especially if the engine is operated in harsh conditions, but proper maintenance minimizes this need. Additionally, the contaminants that settle in conventional oil can serve as indicators of when an oil change is necessary.
Conclusion
The decision to use conventional engine oil versus synthetic oil ultimately hinges on a balance of cost, engine design, and maintenance requirements. For many older cars, the conventional oil provides sufficient lubrication and protection. However, for newer, high-performance engines, synthetic oils may be more appropriate due to the tighter tolerances and lower acceptable tolerances for contaminants and wear.
Understanding the nuances of engine lubrication and the characteristics of different types of oils can help consumers make informed decisions. By recognizing the benefits and limitations of both conventional and synthetic oils, drivers can tailor their maintenance practices to the specific needs of their vehicles.